Shot placement and bullet construction are the two critical factors in the efficiency of any cartridge used for game harvesting. Get it right, and you can humanely hunt polar bears with a .22 Hornet. Use a .50 BMG and do it wrong, and small whitetail deer will die a painful, lingering death. No true sportsman would tolerate that. W.D.M. Bell, the legendary ivory hunter early in the 20th century, used a 7X57 Mauser with FMJ ammunition to harvest elephants. He bragged that an expanding bullet never polluted the bore of his rifle. If you are a cool, careful hunter with complete knowledge of your cartridge's external ballistics and game anatomy, then use your .22 centerfire rifle. Not all states permit game hunting, other than varmints, with .22 centerfires. Most once a year hunters have sufficient difficulty connecting with game at any range. A rump or gut shot deer cannot often be tracked and finished. This is wasteful and unsportsmanlike behavior. For such unskilled hunters, anyone with lots of field experience would recommend nothing less than a cartridge in the .243 Win./6 mm Rem. league. Then, there's a better chance that a not-so-well placed bullet will do enough internal damage to the vital organs to effect a clean kill. Without proper shot placement and bullet design, again, no cartridge will kill with the hammer of Thor. Even these low recoiling cartridges are considered by many to be rounds for the experienced game shot, and .22 centerfires even more so. Young men and women, adult women of slight build as well, can learn through plenty of range practice to accurately fire a more potent round without flinching. A game animal is a noble creature and deserves to be taken quickly and humanely. Most hunters could not do this with a .22 centerfire. The pinpoint shot placement necessary would be beyond their ability to get the job done with such lightweight projectiles as those used in sub-6 mm hunting cartridges.
Sincerely,
R. Mermelstein